Topic 4: Stock and Bond

"Long ago, Ben Graham taught me that 'Price is what you pay; value is what you get.' Whether we’re talking about socks or stocks, I like buying quality merchandise when it is marked down."
                          - Warren Buffett -

Refference: EPS - IB&F, FTU

businessinsider.com

A. TERMS, THEORIES AND DEFINITIONS                             

1. What are stocks?

Topic 3: Accounting and Financial Statements

                       

A. TERMS, THEORIES AND DEFINITIONS                             

Prepareation of the accounts

The accounting process starts with inputs, and these are things such as sales documents (e.g. invoices), purchasing documents (e.g. receipts), payroll records, bank records, travel and entertainment records. The data in these inputs is then processed by a specialized software:

1. Entries are recorded chronologically into “journals”.

2. Information from the journals is posted/transferred into “ledger”, where it accumulates in specific categories (e.g. cash account, sales account, or account for one particular customer).

3. A “trial balance” is prepared at the end of each accounting period: this is a summary of the ledger information to check whether the figures are accurate. It is used directly to prepare the main financial statements (income statement, balance sheet and cash flow statement).

The financial statements of large companies have to be checked by a external firm of auditors, who “sign off

Topic 2: Financing Foreign Trade

Reference: EPS - International Banking and Finance, FTU

A. TERMS, THEORIES AND DEFINITIONS                             

1. Payment Terms in Foreign Trade

            a) Four Principal Means:

                        1.         Cash in advance

                        2.         Letter of Credit

                        3.         Drafts

                        4.         Open Account

            b) Cash in Advance

                        1.         Minimal risk to exporter

                        2.         Used where there is

                                    a.         Political unrest

                                    b.         Goods made to order

                                    c.         New unfamiliar customer

           

Topic 1: Banking

References: ESP – International Banking and Finance,

Foreign Trade University

investopedia.com

A. TERMS, THEORIES AND DEFINITIONS                             

1. Bank (ngân hàng): An organization, ussually a corporation, chartered by a state or fereral government, which does most or all of the following: receives demand deposits and time deposits, honors instruments drawn on them, and pays interest on them; discount notes, makes loans, and invests in securities; collecting checks, drafts, and notes; certifies depositor’s checks; and issues drafts and cashier’s checks.

2. Banking (hoạt động ngân hàng): The business activity of accepting and safeguarding money owned by other individuals and entities, and then lending out this money in order to earn a profit.